Frequently Asked Questions

A Static Seal is used between two surfaces that do not move relative to each other (e.g., pipe flanges, end caps). O-rings and gaskets are common static seals. A Dynamic Seal is used between surfaces that do move (e.g., piston and cylinder, rotating shaft). Rod seals, piston seals, and rotary shaft seals are designed for this purpose.

The garter spring in a shaft seal (e.g., FSKR, SPGO types) provides a constant radial force on the sealing lip. This ensures consistent contact with the rotating shaft, compensating for minor wear, eccentricity, and vibration to prevent lubricant leakage.

Use Tools: Always use dedicated installation tools (e.g., picks, cones, guides). Lubricate: Always lubricate the seal and the contact surface. Protect Sharp Edges: Cover sharp threads and edges with tape or use an installation sleeve. Check the Groove: Ensure the installation groove is clean, deburred, and undamaged.

NBR (Nitrile/Buna-N): A general-purpose, cost-effective material with excellent resistance to petroleum-based oils and fuels. It has a standard temperature range of -30°C to +100°C (-22°F to +212°F). FKM (Fluoroelastomer/Viton®): A premium material with excellent resistance to high temperatures (up to 200°C+), chemicals, and oils. It is used in more severe environments but is more expensive than NBR.

Common causes of O-ring failure include: Chemical Incompatibility: Swelling, softening, or cracking due to fluid exposure. Improper Sizing: Using an incorrect size leads to over-compression or inadequate sealing force. Abrasion: Wear and tear from rough surface finishes or contaminated fluid. Extrusion: The seal is forced into the gap between metal parts under high pressure. Installation Damage: Nicks, cuts, or twists during assembly.

AS568 is the Aerospace Standard that defines the dimensions for over 360 standard O-ring sizes. It is the most widely accepted sizing system in North America and globally. An AS568 number (e.g., AS568-214) specifies a precise inside diameter and cross-section.

Consider a spring-energized seal (e.g., GSF, SPN types) for demanding applications involving: Extreme Temperatures (below -30°C or above +200°C) Aggressive Chemicals that elastomers can't handle Very Low Leakage or "Zero Leakage" requirements Poor Lubricity or dry running conditions The internal spring maintains constant sealing force, compensating for wear and system variables.

We strongly recommend never reusing seals. Once compressed and used, a seal takes a "set" and its elastic properties are degraded. Reusing it almost always results in a leak. Always install a new seal during any maintenance or repair.

Material selection depends on four key factors: Media: What fluid or gas will the seal contact? (e.g., petroleum oil, water, chemicals, steam) Temperature: What is the minimum and maximum operating temperature? Pressure: What is the system's operating pressure? Are there pressure spikes? Application: Is it a static, dynamic, or rotary seal? Example: NBR (Buna-N) is excellent for standard hydraulic oil, while FKM (Viton®) is needed for high temperatures or aggressive chemicals.

Extremely important. A rough surface will abrade and wear out the seal quickly, causing leaks. A finish that is too smooth can prevent a lubricating film from forming. A typical recommended surface finish for dynamic applications is 0.2 to 0.8 μm (8-32 μin) Ra.